The conducting protonated polyaniline/ hollow MnFe₂O₄ nanocomposite was successfully synthesized in situ through self assembly polymerization. The core-shell of MnFe₂O₄ hollow spheres were fabricated by template polymerization, at first, the ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized as the shell and coated on the surface of functionalized polystyrene spheres as the core, subsequently, by calcination method the core polymer was removed. The ferrite nanoparticles were combined with PANI by assisting of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid as doping agent under ultrasonic waves. The difference between the spectra of FT-IR for the ferrite nanoparticles-coated PS spheres and MnFe₂O₄ hollow spheres show the elimination of organic template after calcinations. The image of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibit the ferrite spheres as nanoporous with size holes of 40 nm approximately. Also the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite and MnFe₂O₄ were characterized on a vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM) with maximum saturation magnetization values of 1.59 emu/g and 66.7 emu/g respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the ferrite sample is well in agreement with the standard pattern of the cubic structure. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for surface morphology analysis. UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy recorded the adsorption behavior of the solution after treatment with synthesized nanocomposite showing the adsorption capacity of Crystal violet dye.

A new proton transfer compound of 2, 9-dimethyl-1, 10-phenantroline and d-tartaric acid was synthesized and studied by using DFT and ab initio HF methods. The chemical formulas for the proton transfer ion pair is (dmpH) ₂⁺ (d-tartH) ₂^–.9H₂O, where dmp = 2, 9-dimethyl-1, 10-phenantroline and d-tartH₂ = d-tartaric acid. In this crystal structure, d-hydrogen tartrate anions are joined together in a head-to-tail fashion via short hydrogen. A number of intermolecular O–H···O, N-H···O and C–H···O hydrogen bonding interactions, as well as π–π stacking, play important roles in this crystal structure. The geometrical parameters of (dmpH)₂⁺(d-tartH)₂^– , 9H₂Oion pair have been optimazed with the B3LYP method of density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) methods for comparison. Theoretical calculations confirm a number of intermolecular O–H···O, N-H···O and C–H···O hydrogen bonding interactions, as well as π–π stacking, play important roles in this crystal structure.

The design and synthesis of new calamitic benzothiazole-based liquid crystals, 2-[4-(4-alkyloxybenzoyloxy)phenyl]benzothiazoles, are presented. The target compound was characterized using spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, NMR (¹H & ¹³C), microanalysis and EI-MS. The liquid crystalline behaviours of these compounds were thoroughly examined by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscope techniques. These materials exhibited enantiotropic nematic phase with high thermal stability. Smectic A phase starts to emerge as monotropic phase from C10 member and changes into enantiotropic phase from C12 and persists up to C16 members.

Vilsmeier-Haack reaction conditions were applied on some methyl ketone aryl phosphonic dihydrazones to yield some interesting bis-pyrazole derivatives containing a hydro-phosphoryl unit. Bis-{4-formyl-3-aryl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}phosphine oxides (4a,b) were condensed with some nucleophiles such as aniline, phenacyl triphenylphosphonium bromide and 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide followed by treatment with thioglycolic acid, diethyl phosphite and/or acetic anhydride to yield a novel class of bis-pyrazoles containing sulfur and phosphorus derivatives. Most of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities.

In this study, a series of nine 4-chloro-2-(3,4-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl N-alkylcarbamates was prepared. The procedures for synthesis of the compounds are presented. The compounds were analyzed using RP-HPLC to determine lipophilicity. They were tested for their activity related to inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (PET) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts. For the compounds, the relationships between the lipophilicity and the chemical structure of the studied compounds are discussed, as well as their structure-activity relationships (SAR).

With the aim to find out the best methodology to prepare different series of substituted coumarins, thinking on their pharmacological evaluation, in the present communication we report the synthesis of 3-phenylcoumarin with different number and position of substituent groups in both 3-phenyl and coumarin rings. The substituents in this new scaffold were introduced in the 6 and 8 positions of the coumarin moiety and in 3'and 4' positions of the 3-phenyl ring. The synthesized compounds 1-7, 8 and 9-11 were prepared and characterized by different methodologies. Perkin modified reaction (method A and B) and Palladium-catalyzed synthesis (method C) were the methodologies described in this communication.

We have generated different resveratrol-coumarin hybrids with the aim of evaluate their biological applications and their pharmacological properties, particularly the inhibitory activity of monoamine oxidase enzyme. According to that, a first series of 3-aryl-4-hydroxycoumarins has been synthesized starting from aryl boronic acids and phenyliodonium zwitterions precursors by a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction.

In this paper we report a simple synthetic route to obtain functionalized allyltin derivatives from 1-ethynylcyclohexene (1), through a "one pot" procedure. Radical addition of trineophyltin hydride to 1 leads quantitatively to (Z,E)-1-(2-trineophylstannylvinyl)-cyclohexene (3), a conjugated dienylstannane that, through a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction (Diels -Alder) with activated dienophiles, allows to obtain substituted bicyclic unsaturated products with specific stereochemistry and a trialkylstannyl group in allylic position.

A series of sixteen pyrazinamide analogues with the -CONH- linker connecting the pyrazine and benzene rings was synthesized by the condensation of chlorides of substituted pyrazinecarboxylic acids with ring-substituted (chlorine) anilines and characterized. The results of in vitro antimycobacterial screening indicated some interesting antimycobacterial activity. 6-Chloro-N-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (6) has shown the highest activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv (65% inhibition at 6.25 μg mL^-1). The highest antifungal effect against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the most susceptible fungal strain tested, was found for 6-chloro-5-tert-butyl-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (16) (MIC = 62.5 μmol mL^-1). 6-Chloro-5-tert-butyl-N-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (8) was the most active in the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (PET) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts (IC₅₀ = 43.0 μmol mL^-1). The compounds were analyzed using RP-HPLC to determine lipophilicity. Optimal log P value for studied series was not confirmed.For all the compounds, the relationships between the lipophilicity and the chemical structure of the studied compounds are discussed, as well as their structure-activity relationships (SAR).

We have synthesized five- and six-membered ring, a/b- and a/g-glycoamino acids in our research group, since these compounds could serve as conformationallly restricted hybrid structural subunits for building more complex structures such as heterogeneous foldamers [1]. Starting from azide sugar 1 and applying the DAST reaction we obtained a rearranged, ring contracted structure [2] which was hydrolyzed, acetylated, and oxidized to produce 2. Following this synthesis route with attaching L-glycine through the carboxyl terminus side we prepared the respective a/b-glycoamino acid 3. At the present, we are focusing our attention in synthesizing this a/b-glycoamino acid at a higher scale by using other non-corrosive fluorinating agents. In a different set of reactions, the benzilidene group of compound 1 was hydrolyzed and oxidized selectively with TEMPO yielding 4 after acetylation. Further treatment of this compound incorporating L-glycine afforded the respective a /g-glycoamino acid 5 [1] Horne, W. S.; Gellman, S. H. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1399–1408. [2] Vera-Ayoso, Y.; Borrachero, P.; Cabrera-Escribano, F.; Gómez-Guillén, M.; Caner, J.; Farrás, J. Synlett, 2010, 271-275.